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EA81
1.1.2.5 Seborrhoeic Dermatitis
Grading & Level of Importance: B
ICD-11
Synonyms
Seborrhoeic otitis externa; malassezia folliculitis; seborrhoeic eczema; cradle cap (in infants).
Epidemiology
Very common in different ages. Infants first three month, later 4th life decade. All ethnic groups.
Definition
Chronic recurrent inflammatory dermatitis with yellow-white scaling on an erythematous background involving seborrhoeic areas.
Aetiology & Pathogenesis
Seborrhoea (oily skin), increased colonisation of seborrhoeic areas by commensal lipophilic yeast Malassezia spp. (formerly called Pityrosporum ovale). Often as HIV/AIDS related dermatosis. Often seen in Parkinson`s disease.
Signs & Symptoms
Scale; itch; irritation.
Localisation
Seborrhoeic areas: scalp, glabella, eyebrows, submental, retroauricular, mid-face, presternal, nasolabial folds and rarely intrascapular.
Classification
Seborrhoeic dermatitis of infants:
- Usually in first 3 months.
- Scalp, intertriginous areas.
Seborrhoeic dermatitis of adults:
- Seborrheic areas.
- N.B: More severe manifestations with HIV.
- Possible severe variant in the elderly with erythroderma and lymphadenopathy.
- May overlap with psoriasis (Sebo-psoriasis).
Laboratory & other workups
Not necessary.
Dermatopathology
Hyper-and parakeratosis, crusts, serum and spongiosis, no Munro abscesses.
Course
Worsens with stress, inflammatory and infectious diseases. UV light reported to both help and worsen. Unpredictable.
Complications
Overlap with psoriasis. Sometimes superinfection with S. aureus.
Diagnosis
Oily skin, typical clinical features and distribution.
Differential diagnosis
Atopic dermatitis in childhood, psoriasis, tinea.
Prevention & Therapy
Reduction of Malassezia colonisation with topical imidazoles, keratolytic agents, topical zinc pyrithione or topical zinc oil, especially in newborns. Short-term mild topical corticosteroids combined with clotrimazol.
Differential Diagnosis
Podcasts
Tests
- Tinea should be considered as a potential diagnosis to seborrheic dermatitis and
- Seborrheic dermatis is a frequent dermatological disease, which
- Statement 1: The scales in seborrheic dermatitis are typically greasy and yellow
- Which one of these answers represents the treatment of choice for seborrheic dermatitis?
- What type of lesion is typical for seborrheic dermatitis?
- Which of these are differential diagnostic considerations for seborrheic dermatitis?
- An important differential diagnostic consideration for seborrheic dermatitis is tinea corporis. Which of the following are true?
- Which of these statements about seborrheic dermatitis are true?
- Statement 1 The scales in seborrheic dermatitis are typically greasy and yellow
- Statement 1 Seborrheic dermatitis is caused by a dermatophyte
- Which of these has been proven to cause seborrheic dermatitis?
- Which is these represents the treatment of choice for seborrheic dermatitis?
- Which are sites of predilection for seborrheic dermatitis?
- What type of lesion is typical for seborrheic dermatitis?
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